In this article we will understand the basic concept of ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE and MACHINE LEARNING. In the present 21st century as technology is getting advanced, the use of ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE and MACHINE LEARNING are on the rise.
For Our readers/users
Readers/users who are very much acquainted with latest technologies will find the below article with less technical terms and explanations. This article has been prepared to give a basic knowledge about these technological advancements in and around the world to our users who are less aware about this. Hence the article has been drafted in simple languages without much complexity with maximum focus on examples.
Let us start with an Examples.
AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES/SELF DRIVING CARS
To understand easily let us explain it in simple language.
We all know that to drive a vehicle we need a driver. But what about a vehicle without a driver controlling it? The vehicle can drive easily by itself. These vehicles are called autonomous vehicles and now a days most autonomous vehicles are cars. Other vehicle types are also coming in this segment.
These cars are designed in such a way that, they can travel on the road without anyone controlling or giving instructions. They are being programmed with advanced softwares/technologies, so that they can behave like a human being while on the road.
These are capable of :
Identifying roads, streets, junctions and anything in this universe which can come in it’s circumference like houses, trees, human, vehicles and any other things like human, just to mention any obstacles also.
They can read and understand traffic instructions.
They can follow traffic signals.
They can use their intelligence to apply brake whenever necessary as well as control their speed.
Basically, here we can understand that, the vehicle is a Machine. This machine becomes intelligent after lots of programming, softwares with lots of data into it. By doing all these things the machine is learning to behave like a human.
What is intelligence?
Intelligence has been defined in many ways: the capacity for abstraction, logic, understanding, self-awareness, learning, emotional knowledge, reasoning, planning, creativity, critical thinking, and problem-solving.
Intelligence can also be termed as the ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills.
To understand ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, we need to understand HUMAN INTELLIGENCE/NATURAL INTELLIGENCE.
As humans, we have the natural intelligence by birth as a nature. Sometimes, to increase our intelligence level we study hard, practice a lot, maintain a healthy lifestyle and also our body and specifically the brain needs more and more nutrients to increase the intelligence level. In this way human intelligence level build up.
ARTIFICIAL is the exact antonym of Natural which we humans build using our hands, brain, technology.
For example, now a days, we have heard about artificial limbs ( hands, legs ) which many companies are manufacturing so that it can be used by humans.
Exactly like the above, a vehicle or a software or a machine like a computer is an artificial thing which does not have a life. These are non living.
But when these machines are being programmed with the help of computers, using advanced softwares, these machines are learning to behave like a human.
That’s why we use the term “MACHINE LEARNING” as these machines are learning and the technology which is being used for these machines to learn something, we refer it as “ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE”.
Below are some examples from our daily life in which we can easily identify the use of ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE for MACHINE LEARNING.
MAPS and NAVIGATION ( GPS )
GPS system ( Global Positioning System ) provides users with positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) services. Also the software is capable of voice announcement. Almost a daily user experience like in our mobile phones, vehicles etc.
Facial detection and recognition
A face analyzer is software that identifies or confirms a person’s identity using their face. It works by identifying and measuring facial features in an image. Facial recognition can identify human faces in images or videos, determine if the face in two images belongs to the same person, or search for a face among a large collection of existing images.
Biometric security systems use facial recognition to uniquely identify individuals during user onboarding or logins as well as strengthen user authentication activity. Mobile and personal devices also commonly use face analyzer technology for device security. We all know about the Biometric system used for Aadhar in India.
Fraud detection
Cyber security
Airport and border control
Banking
Healthcare
Chatbots
A chatbot or chatterbot is a software application used to conduct an online chat conversation via text or text-to-speech, in lieu of providing direct contact with a live human agent.
Now a days, when ever we open a website of any company or any mobile app, you might have noticed that, automatically we get a welcome message from the app, like hello, how may i help you? This application or software is called a CHATBOT or we also call it as VIRTUAL ASSISTANT.
Read the article to know more about Chatbots/ChatGPT.
ALEXA/SIRI/GOOGLE ASSISTANT
ALEXA – Digital Home assistant from Amazon which uses voice/speech recognition system.
SIRI – Digital assistant for Apple devices.
Google Assistant – Digital assistant from google which can understand voice/speech recognition.
Email Categorization/Spam filtering
All of us use email. Everyday we receive many emails in our inbox. However, we see that the email application is so intelligent that it identifies all the emails and devide them into different categories like finance, marketing, sales and unnecessary emails get stored in the spam folder and gets auto deleted after a certain number of days. This can be a nice example of the use of ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE where text recognition is enabled in the software.
Sophia AI Robot
Sophia is a social humanoid robot developed by the Hong Kong-based company Hanson Robotics. Sophia was activated on February 14, 2016, and made its first public appearance in mid-March 2016 at South by Southwest (SXSW) in Austin, Texas, United States. Sophia is marketed as a “social robot” that can mimic social behavior and induce feelings of love in humans.
Sophia is a realistic humanoid robot capable of displaying humanlike expressions and interacting with people. She is the world’s first robot citizen and the first robot Innovation Ambassador for the United Nations Development Programme. It includes features for facial recognition, visual tracking, and other AI-based activities, as well as natural language processing and voice. Sophia is intended for use in research, education, and entertainment, and it aids in fostering societal debate on AI ethics and the potential of robotics.
AI in Social Media
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE has been used rapidly by Social media organizations like Facebook and others. As social media caters to a large group where content is the king in the form of image, text and videos. As people are engaging there it is very important for these organizations to check for the contents which are getting published. These organizations use content moderation to allow/remove contents as per the policy.
So these above are some examples for our better and simple understanding of the terms “ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE” and “MACHINE LEARNING”.
Let us go through some theories.
What is ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI)?
Artificial intelligence (AI) is intelligence—perceiving, synthesizing, and inferring information—demonstrated by machines, as opposed to intelligence displayed by non-human animals and humans. Example tasks in which this is done include speech recognition, computer vision, translation between (natural) languages, as well as other mappings of inputs.
AI applications include advanced web search engines (e.g., Google Search), recommendation systems (used by YouTube, Amazon, and Netflix), understanding human speech (such as Siri and Alexa), self-driving cars (e.g., Waymo), generative or creative tools (ChatGPT and AI art), automated decision-making, and competing at the highest level in strategic game systems (such as chess and Go).
Applications of ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI)
AI Application in E-Commerce
Personalized Shopping
Artificial Intelligence technology is used to create recommendation engines through which you can engage better with your customers. These recommendations are made in accordance with their browsing history, preference, and interests. It helps in improving your relationship with your customers and their loyalty towards your brand.
AI-Powered Assistants
Virtual shopping assistants and chatbots help improve the user experience while shopping online. Natural Language Processing is used to make the conversation sound as human and personal as possible. Moreover, these assistants can have real-time engagement with your customers. Did you know that on amazon.com, soon, customer service could be handled by chatbots?
Fraud Prevention
Credit card frauds and fake reviews are two of the most significant issues that E-Commerce companies deal with. By considering the usage patterns, AI can help reduce the possibility of credit card fraud taking place. Many customers prefer to buy a product or service based on customer reviews. AI can help identify and handle fake reviews.
Applications Of Artificial Intelligence in Education
Although the education sector is the one most influenced by humans, Artificial Intelligence has slowly begun to seep its roots into the education sector as well. Even in the education sector, this slow transition of Artificial Intelligence has helped increase productivity among faculties and helped them concentrate more on students than office or administration work.
Some of these applications in this sector include:
Administrative Tasks Automated to Aid Educators
Artificial Intelligence can help educators with non-educational tasks like task-related duties like facilitating and automating personalized messages to students, back-office tasks like grading paperwork, arranging and facilitating parent and guardian interactions, routine issue feedback facilitating, managing enrollment, courses, and HR-related topics.
Creating Smart Content
Digitization of content like video lectures, conferences, and textbook guides can be made using Artificial Intelligence. We can apply different interfaces like animations and learning content through customization for students from different grades.
Artificial Intelligence helps create a rich learning experience by generating and providing audio and video summaries and integral lesson plans.
Voice Assistants
Without even the direct involvement of the lecturer or the teacher, a student can access extra learning material or assistance through Voice Assistants. Through this, printing costs of temporary handbooks and also provide answers to very common questions easily.
Personalized Learning
Using top AI technologies, hyper-personalization techniques can be used to monitor students’ data thoroughly, and habits, lesson plans, reminders, study guides, flash notes, frequency or revision, etc., can be easily generated.
Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Lifestyle
Artificial Intelligence has a lot of influence on our lifestyle. Let us discuss a few of them.
Autonomous Vehicles
Automobile manufacturing companies like Toyota, Audi, Volvo, and Tesla use machine learning to train computers to think and evolve like humans when it comes to driving in any environment and object detection to avoid accidents.
Spam Filters
The email that we use in our day-to-day lives has AI that filters out spam emails sending them to spam or trash folders, letting us see the filtered content only. The popular email provider, Gmail, has managed to reach a filtration capacity of approximately 99.9%.
Facial Recognition
Our favorite devices like our phones, laptops, and PCs use facial recognition techniques by using face filters to detect and identify in order to provide secure access. Apart from personal usage, facial recognition is a widely used Artificial Intelligence application even in high security-related areas in several industries.
Recommendation System
Various platforms that we use in our daily lives like e-commerce, entertainment websites, social media, video sharing platforms, like youtube, etc., all use the recommendation system to get user data and provide customized recommendations to users to increase engagement. This is a very widely used Artificial Intelligence application in almost all industries.
Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Navigation
Based on research from MIT, GPS technology can provide users with accurate, timely, and detailed information to improve safety. The technology uses a combination of Convolutional Neural Networks and Graph Neural Networks, which makes lives easier for users by automatically detecting the number of lanes and road types behind obstructions on the roads. AI is heavily used by Uber and many logistics companies to improve operational efficiency, analyze road traffic, and optimize routes.
Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Robotics
Robotics is another field where Artificial Intelligence applications are commonly used. Robots powered by AI use real-time updates to sense obstacles in its path and pre-plan its journey instantly.
It can be used for:
- Carrying goods in hospitals, factories, and warehouses
- Cleaning offices and large equipment
- Inventory management
Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Human Resource
Did you know that companies use intelligent software to ease the hiring process?
Artificial Intelligence helps with blind hiring. Using machine learning software, you can examine applications based on specific parameters. AI drive systems can scan job candidates’ profiles, and resumes to provide recruiters an understanding of the talent pool they must choose from.
Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
Artificial Intelligence finds diverse applications in the healthcare sector. AI applications are used in healthcare to build sophisticated machines that can detect diseases and identify cancer cells. Artificial Intelligence can help analyze chronic conditions with lab and other medical data to ensure early diagnosis. AI uses the combination of historical data and medical intelligence for the discovery of new drugs.
Artificial Intelligence is used to identify defects and nutrient deficiencies in the soil. This is done using computer vision, robotics, and machine learning applications, AI can analyze where weeds are growing. AI bots can help to harvest crops at a higher volume and faster pace than human laborers.
Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Gaming
Another sector where Artificial Intelligence applications have found prominence is the gaming sector. AI can be used to create smart, human-like NPCs to interact with the players.
It can also be used to predict human behavior using which game design and testing can be improved. The Alien Isolation game released in 2014 uses AI to stalk the player throughout the game. The game uses two Artificial Intelligence systems – ‘Director AI’ that frequently knows your location and the ‘Alien AI,’ driven by sensors and behaviors that continuously hunt the player.
What is Machine Learning (ML)?
Machine learning is a branch of artificial intelligence (AI) and computer science which focuses on the use of data and algorithms to imitate the way that humans learn, gradually improving its accuracy.
ML is a discipline of Artificial Intelligence (AI) that provides machines with the capacity to automatically learn from data and previous experiences by identifying patterns to generate predictions for new processes with minimal human intervention. Machine learning comes to the rescue in several situations where it is impossible to apply strict algorithms.
Applications of Machine Learning
Image Recognition
One of the most notable machine learning applications is image recognition, which is a method for cataloging and detecting an object or feature in a digital image. In addition, this technique is used for further analysis, such as pattern recognition, face detection, and face recognition.
Speech Recognition
ML software can make measurements of words spoken using a collection of numbers that represent the speech signal. Popular applications that employ speech recognition include Amazon’s Alexa, Apple’s Siri, and Google Maps.
Predict Traffic Patterns
To explain this, let’s consider the example of Google maps. When we enter our location on the map, the application collects massive amounts of data about the present traffic to generate predictions regarding the upcoming traffic and identify the fastest route to our destination.
E-commerce Product Recommendations
One of the prominent elements of typically any e-commerce website is product recommendation, which involves the sophisticated use of machine learning algorithms. Websites track customer behavior based on past purchases, browsing habits, and cart history and then recommend products using machine learning and AI.
Self-Driving Cars
Self-driving cars use an unsupervised learning algorithm that heavily relies on machine learning techniques. This algorithm enables the vehicle to collect information from cameras and sensors about its surroundings, understand it, and choose what actions to perform.
Catching Email Spam
One of the most popular applications of machine learning that everyone is familiar with is in detecting email spam. Email service providers build applications with spam filters that use an ML algorithm to classify an incoming email as spam and direct it to the spam folder.
Catching Malware
The process of using machine learning (ML) to detect malware consists of two basic stages. First, analyzing suspicious activities in an Android environment to generate a suitable collection of features; second, training the system to use the machine and deep learning (DL) techniques on the generated features to detect future cyberattacks in such environments.
Virtual Personal Assistant
Virtual personal assistants help people access relevant information via text or voice. When a query is put into the system, the personal assistant gathers information by searching for it or recalling similar questions an individual has asked in the past. Some popular ML techniques involved in virtual assistants include speech recognition, speech-to-text conversion, natural language processing, and text-to-speech conversion.
Online Fraud Recognition
One of the most essential applications of machine learning is fraud detection. Every time a customer completes a transaction, the machine learning model carefully examines their profile in search of any unusual patterns to detect online fraud.
Stock Market and Day Trading
When it comes to the stock market and day trading, machine learning employs algorithmic trading to extract important data to automate or support crucial investment activities. Successful portfolio management, and choosing when to buy and sell stocks are some tasks accomplished using ML.
Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages
1. Reduction in Human Error
2. Zero Risks
3. 24×7 Availability
4. Digital Assistance
5. New Inventions
6. Unbiased Decisions
7. Perform Repetitive Jobs
8. Daily Applications
9. AI in Risky Situations
Disadvantages
1. High Costs
2. No creativity
3. Unemployment
4. Make Humans Lazy
5. No Ethics
6. Emotionless
7. No Improvement
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